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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 12:21 am
Time: 12:21 am
Results for aids (disease)
7 results foundAuthor: Chu, Sandra Ka Hon Title: Clean Switch: The Case for Prison Needle and Syringe Programs in Canada Summary: Prison systems have implemented, to varying degrees, forms of harm reduction aimed at preventing HIV transmission in prisons. However, as of September 2008, no Canadian jurisdiction had established a prison-based needle and syringe program. This paper outlines the available evidence and legal rationale, under federal Canadian and international human rights law, for Canada to implement a prison-based needle and syringe program without delay. Details: Toronto: Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, 2009. 39p. Source: Year: 2009 Country: Canada URL: Shelf Number: 117371 Keywords: AIDS (Disease)Health CareHIV (Viruses)Prisoners |
Author: McLemore, Megan Title: Sentenced to Stigma: Segregation of HIV-Positive Prisoners in Alabama and South Carolina Summary: Upon entering the state prison system in Alabama, South Carolina or Mississippi, each prisoner must submit to a test for HIV. In Alabama and South Carolina, the HIV test determines where prisoners are housed, eat and worship. These prisoners are denied equal participation in prison jobs, programs, and re-entry opportunites that facilitate their transition back into society. Details: New York: American Civil Liberties Union and Human Rights Watch, 2010. 49p. Source: Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 118256 Keywords: AIDS (Disease)HIV (Viruses)Prisoners (Alabama and South Carolina) |
Author: Open Society Institute. Public Health Program Title: At What Cost? HIV and Human Rights Consequences of the Global "War on Drugs" Summary: A decade after governments worldwide pledged to achieve a "drug-free world," there is little evidence that the supply or demand of illicit drugs has been reduced. Instead, aggressive drug control policies have led to increased incarceration for minor offenses, human rights violations, and disease. This book examines the descent of the global war on drugs into a war on people who use drugs. From Puerto Rico to Phnom Penh, Manipur to Moscow, the scars of this war are carried on the bodies and minds of drug users, their families, and the health and service providers who work with them. The following topics are included in this volume: •Police Abuse of Injection Drug Users in Indonesia •Arbitrary Detention and Police Abuse of Drug Users in Cambodia •Forced Drug Testing in China •Drug Control Policies and HIV Prevention and Care Among Injection Drug Users in Imphal, India •Effects of UN and Russian Influence on Drug Policy in Central Asia •The Impacts of the Drug War in Latin America and the Caribbean •Civil Society Reflections on 10 Years of Drug Control in Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam •Twin Epidemics–Drug Use and HIV/AIDS in Pakistan. Details: New York: Open Society Institute, 2009. 196p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 20, 2011 at: http://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publications/publications/atwhatcost_20090302 Year: 2009 Country: International URL: http://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publications/publications/atwhatcost_20090302 Shelf Number: 121408 Keywords: AIDS (Disease)Drug Abuse and AddictionDrug Abuse PolicyDrug ControlDrug Enforcement |
Author: Thompson, Jill Title: Rape Sentencing Study: Statutory Sentencing Provisions for Rape, Defilement, and Sexual Assault in East, Central, and Southern Africa Summary: In the past ten to twelve years, several countries in East, Central and Southern Africa have responded to the problem of violence against women and children by amending outdated criminal laws relating to rape and other forms of sexual and gender-based violence. Legislative reforms have ranged from minor changes to existing penal code provisions, to major overhauls of sexual offences law. Changes have included redefining and/or adding new offences; making sexual offences gender neutral; putting in place evidentiary and procedural protections for victims; and increasing penalties for sexual crimes. As part of the reform process, several countries in the region have enacted mandatory minimum sentences for sexual offences such as rape and “defilement.” These have generally emerged in response to public outcry over high rates of sexual violence - particularly against children, and the widespread perception among the public and some lawmakers that perpetrators were not being adequately punished for these crimes. Proponents argued that high mandatory sentences would have a deterrent effect on sexual violence, and that victims would be more likely to report if they believed that perpetrators would be sent to jail. Others argued that statutory minimums would ensure appropriate retribution and lead to greater consistency in sentencing. A further rationale was found in the HIV epidemic - high sentences were viewed by many as necessary to curb the spread of HIV to women and children from sexual assault. Details: Lusaka, Zambia: Population Council, 2012. 40p. Source: Legislative Review: Internet Resource: Accessed December 16, 2012 at http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/2012RH_RapeSentencingStudy.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Africa URL: http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/2012RH_RapeSentencingStudy.pdf Shelf Number: 127214 Keywords: AIDS (Disease)HIV (Viruses)LegislationRape (Africa)SentencingSexual AssaultSexual Violence |
Author: Nielsen Company Nepal Pvt. Ltd. Title: Mapping and Size Estimation of Most-At-Risk-Population in Nepal-2011. Vol. 1 Male Sex Workers, Transgenders & Their Clients. Summary: Nepal conducted a mapping and size estimation exercise of Most At Risk Population (MARPs) in consideration of the epidemic’s nature, availability of limited information on the MARP groups of Female Sex Workers (FSWs), Male Sex Workers,Transgenders and their Clients (MTCs), and Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) as well as the need for a more robust and evidence informed response to HIV for maximizing results. Details: Nepal: National Centre for AIDS and STD Control, Nepal, 2011. 104p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 3, 2013 at: http://www.aidsdatahub.org/dmdocuments/MTCs_final_report.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Nepal URL: http://www.aidsdatahub.org/dmdocuments/MTCs_final_report.pdf Shelf Number: 0 Keywords: AIDS (Disease)HIV (Viruses)Male ProstitutesMale Sex Workers (Nepal)Prostitution |
Author: Central and Eastern EuropeanHarm Reduction Network Title: Sex Work, HIV/AIDS, and Human Rights in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia Summary: Although sex work has a long history in nearly every culture and society, sex workers have been rarely, if ever, free from persecution, stigma, and violence. In some countries, notably in Western Europe, government officials and policymakers have worked with sex workers and their representatives in an effort to ease discrimination and improve access to health care and other social services. Such efforts have at times been slow and inconsistent; they are, however, major accomplishments compared with most nations elsewhere in the world. In Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia, for example, sex workers remain among the most marginalized members of society. Policymakers and authorities view them as nuisances to be ignored or immoral lawbreakers rather than as individuals who can and should be protected from violence and receive social and economic assistance and support. At the same time, the surging HIV/AIDS epidemic in the region places sex workers at increasingly greater risk of infection not only from HIV, but also from other potentially debilitating conditions related to sex work and drug use. This report provides an overview of these and other important issues that sex workers face in the region as well as to the political, economic, and social factors that influence policies and attitudes toward sex workers. It focuses primarily on existing laws and policies and their consequences from the perspective of HIV prevention and treatment. The report also offers recommendations designed to uphold sex workers’ human rights and remove barriers that reduce their ability or willingness to obtain access to consistent and equitable health care and other social services. Details: Vilnius, 01114, Lithuania: Central and Eastern European Harm Reduction Network, 2005. 121p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 3, 2013 at: http://www.unodc.org/documents/hiv-aids/publications/CEEAndCAsiaharm_05_sex_work_east_eur_0408.pdf Year: 2005 Country: Europe URL: http://www.unodc.org/documents/hiv-aids/publications/CEEAndCAsiaharm_05_sex_work_east_eur_0408.pdf Shelf Number: 128614 Keywords: AIDS (Disease)HIV (Viruses)ProstitutesProstitutionSex Workers (Europe) |
Author: Brussa, Licia Title: Sex Work in Europe: A Mapping of the Prostitution Scene in 25 European Countries Summary: An understanding of the current reality of sex work and the situation of sex workers in Europe is critical to strengthening HIV prevention in sex work settings across Europe. The European Mapping report aims to identify trends and tendencies in relation to the changing patterns of sex work and the living and working conditions of female and transgender sex workers within Europe. In addition, it provides an overview of sex work migration patterns across Europe and addresses the impact of the expansion of the European Union on the situation and migration of sex workers in Europe. This report also provides insight into the ways in which policies on prostitution and migration affect the vulnerabilities of migrant and mobile sex workers to HIV/AIDS, which is also inseparable from a number of other forms of vulnerability (violence, drug and alcohol use, discrimination, social exclusion, stigmatisation, legal status etc) shown in the mapping below. In seeking to address HIV and sex work in Europe it is also essential that we understand social determinants, working conditions and other contextual factors. In this respect, current legislation and public policies, their impact on sex work settings and the potential consequences for sex workers and HIV prevention are particularly important. The mapping entailed gathering information on legislation and public policy. Working within a human rights framework, this mapping seeks to internationally recognise effective practices of prevention and to reduce vulnerability. The European network for HIV/STI prevention and health promotion among migrant sex workers - TAMPEP 87 works to reduce the HIV vulnerability of migrant and mobile sex workers through the development, exchange, promotion and implementation of appropriate policies and interventions across Europe. TAMPEP aimed to reduce the vulnerability of sex workers through the strengthening of outreach activities and the further development of effective interventions and strategies for HIV/STI prevention among national, migrant and mobile sex workers and their clients; the development of an Internet directory of health and social care services accessible to sex workers; and the production of a capacity building manual. TAMPEP has informed policy development through qualitative and quantitative assessment of the prostitution scene across Europe, mapping and analysing the legal frameworks regarding migration, sex work, and HIV/STIs. Details: Amsterdam : TAMPEP International Foundation, 2009. 79p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 23, 2014 at: http://tampep.eu/documents/TAMPEP%202009%20European%20Mapping%20Report.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Europe URL: http://tampep.eu/documents/TAMPEP%202009%20European%20Mapping%20Report.pdf Shelf Number: 132742 Keywords: AIDS (Disease)HIV (Viruses) Prostitutes Prostitution (Europe) Sex Workers |